Pyrazinamide (NA)

Introduction To Pyrazinamide (NA)

Pyrazinamide (NA) is an antibiotic that belongs to a class of medicines known as anti tuberculosis drugs. It is used in the treatment of tuberculosis, an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs and in some cases other parts of the body.

Pyrazinamide (NA) is given in combination with at least one other tuberculosis medicine. It acts by killing the causative bacteria. It should be used in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. This medicine may be taken with or without food, preferably at a fixed time every day to avoid a missed dose. Do not skip any doses and finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better. Stopping it early can result in treatment failure and increase the side effects too. Please let your doctor know about any changes in your weight as the dose of this medicine depends on the overall body weight of a person. Any changes in weight might need dose modification.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose, as it may increase the side effects.

Inform your doctor if you notice signs of jaundice i.e. yellowing of eyes or skin, dark urine, stomach pain or joint pain. You may also develop hepatitis (viral infection of the liver), increased liver enzymes and joint pain as side effects of this medicine. Please consult your doctor, as these side effects require medical attention and might need dose modification.

Your doctor may monitor your liver function while on treatment with this medicine. Avoid drinking alcohol as this may have additional adverse effects on the liver. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using this medicine.

Uses of Pyrazinamide (NA)

  • Tuberculosis (TB)

Benefits of Pyrazinamide (NA)

Tuberculosis (TB)
Pyrazinamide (NA) is used to treat tuberculosis, an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body as well. It stops the growth of infection causing bacteria and helps in treating the infection. Take it in the dose and duration advised by the doctor. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cured. Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor as doing so may cause the infection to return or worsen. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully to get maximum benefit.

Side effects of Pyrazinamide (NA)

Most side effects do not require any medical attention and disappear as your body adjusts to the medicine. Consult your doctor if they persist or if you’re worried about them

Common side effects of Pyramid

  • Jaundice
  • Hepatitis (viral infection of liver)
  • Increased liver enzymes
  • Joint pain

How to use Pyrazinamide (NA)

Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Check the label for directions before use. Empty the granules in a glass of water/milk, stir it and consume immediately. Pyrazinamide (NA) may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.

How Pyrazinamide (NA) works

Pyrazinamide (NA) is an antitubercular medicine. In the body, it gets converted to pyrazinoic acid. This pyrazinoic acid inhibits fatty acid synthase I (bacterial enzyme), which is essential for bacterial growth. Thus, it works as a bacteriocidal to prohibit their growth and treats tuberculosis.

Quick tips

  • Pyrazinamide (NA) along with other medications effectively treats tuberculosis.
  • Do not to forget a dose, as this increases the risk of the bacteria becoming resistant to the medicine, and also increases the risk of getting side effects.
  • Your doctor may check your liver function before starting treatment and regularly thereafter. Inform your doctor if you notice yellowing of eyes or skin, dark urine, or stomach pain.
  • Avoid drinking alcohol while taking Pyrazinamide (NA) as this may increase the risk of side effects on the liver.
  • Use a reliable contraceptive method (such as condoms or a diaphragm) to prevent pregnancy while you are taking Pyrazinamide (NA) as it may make hormonal contraceptives such as the pill less effective.

Safety Advice

sdsPregnancyCONSULT YOUR DOCTOR

Can I take Pyrazinamide (NA) if I’m pregnant?

Pyrazinamide (NA) may be unsafe to use during pregnancy. Although there are limited studies in humans, animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Your doctor will weigh the benefits and any potential risks before prescribing it to you. Please consult your doctor.

sdsBreastfeedingSAFE IF PRESCRIBED

Can I take Pyrazinamide (NA) if I’m breastfeeding?

Pyrazinamide (NA) is probably safe to use during breastfeeding. Limited human data suggests that the drug does not represent any significant risk to the baby.

sdsAlcoholCAUTION

Is drinking alcohol while taking Pyrazinamide (NA) safe?

Caution is advised when consuming alcohol with Pyrazinamide (NA). Please consult your doctor.

sdsDrivingCONSULT YOUR DOCTOR

Can I drive after taking Pyrazinamide (NA)?

It is not known whether Pyrazinamide (NA) alters the ability to drive. Do not drive if you experience any symptoms that affect your ability to concentrate and react.

sdsKidneyCAUTION

Can I take Pyrazinamide (NA) if I have/had kidney diseases?

Pyrazinamide (NA) should be used with caution in patients with severe kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Pyrazinamide (NA) may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Kidney function tests are advised before you start taking this medicine.

sdsLiverCAUTION

Can I take Pyrazinamide (NA) if I have/had liver diseases?

Pyrazinamide (NA) should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Pyrazinamide (NA) may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is advised before and after the start of the treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. What is Pyrazinamide (NA) and what is it used for?

Pyrazinamide (NA) is an antibiotic. It is used in combination with other antibiotics in the treatment of tuberculosis

Q. Is Pyrazinamide (NA) bactericidal?

Pyrazinamide (NA) is both a bacteriostatic and a bactericidal antibiotic. It stops the growth of bacteria (bacteriostatic) in certain cases and kills (bactericidal) the tuberculosis causing bacteria in other cases

Q. How does Pyrazinamide (NA) work/treat tuberculosis?

Pyrazinamide (NA) kills or stops growth of bacteria that causes tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The exact mechanism of action for Pyrazinamide (NA) is not known

Q. How does Pyrazinamide (NA) cause hyperuricemia and gout?

Following oral intake of Pyrazinamide (NA), it gets converted in the body to pyrazinoic acid (active chemical form of Pyrazinamide (NA)). Pyrazinoic acid blocks the excretion of urates (salt form of uric acid) by the kidneys. This causes an increase in blood levels of uric acid (hyperuricemia). Excess uric acid accumulation between joints causes pain, swelling, redness and stiffness in joints (gout).

References

Written By:

Dr Advikka Ridhy

Dr Advikka Ridhy

MBBS

RMO, Aster MIMS

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