Gliclazide + Metformin
Introduction To Gliclazide + Metformin
Gliclazide + Metformin belongs to a category of medicines known as anti-diabetic drugs. It is a combination of two medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It helps control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
Gliclazide + Metformin should be taken with food. Take it regularly at the same time each day to get the most benefit. Your doctor will decide what dose is best for you and this may change from time to time according to how it is working according to your blood sugar levels.
Keep taking this medicine, even if you feel well or your blood sugar levels are controlled. If you stop it without consulting your doctor, your blood sugar levels could rise and put you at risk of kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems and loss of limbs. Remember that it is only part of a treatment program that should also include a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight reduction as advised by your doctor. Your lifestyle plays a big part in controlling diabetes.
The most common side effect of Gliclazide + Metformin is low blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia). Make sure you recognize the signs of having low blood glucose levels, such as sweating, dizziness, headache, and shaking and know how to deal with it. To prevent this, it's important to have regular meals and always carry a fast-acting source of glucose such as sugary food or fruit juice with you. Drinking alcohol can also increase your risk of low blood sugar levels and should be avoided. Other side effects that may be seen on taking this medicine include taste changes, nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, headache, and upper respiratory tract infection. Some people may find that they put on weight with this medicine.
You should not take it if you have type 1 diabetes mellitus, if you have diabetic ketoacidosis (high levels of acid in your blood), or if you have severe kidney or liver disease. Before taking this medicine, tell your doctor if you have ever had heart disease. It may not be suitable. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor before taking it. Your blood sugar levels should be checked regularly and your doctor may also advise blood tests to monitor your blood cell counts and liver function.
Uses of Gliclazide + Metformin
- Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Benefits of Gliclazide + Metformin
Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Gliclazide + Metformin is a medicine that helps to control high blood glucose (sugar)
levels. It helps get rid of extra glucose from your body through urine. It
also improves the body’s response to the hormone insulin, which is responsible
for regulating blood glucose (sugar) levels in our body. The insulin helps to
lower your blood glucose levels and prevents them from rising after taking
meals.
You should keep taking it for as long as it is prescribed. Lowering blood
glucose levels is an essential part of managing diabetes. If you can control
the level you will reduce the risk of getting any of the serious complications
of diabetes such as kidney damage, eye damage, nerve problems, and loss of
limbs. Taking this medicine regularly along with proper diet and exercise will
help you live a normal, healthy life.
Side effects of Gliclazide + Metformin
Most side effects do not require any medical attention and disappear as your body adjusts to the medicine. Consult your doctor if they persist or if you’re worried about them
Common side effects of Newzid M
- Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level)
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Diarrhea
- Flatulence
How to use Gliclazide + Metformin
Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Gliclazide + Metformin is to be taken with food.
How Gliclazide + Metformin works
Gliclazide + Metformin is a combination of two antidiabetic medicines: Gliclazide and Metformin. Gliclazide is a sulfonylurea which works by increasing the amount of insulin released by the pancreas in order to lower the blood glucose. Metformin is a biguanide which works by lowering glucose production in the liver, delaying glucose absorption from intestines and increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Quick tips
- Monitor your blood sugar level regularly while you are taking this medicine.
- It can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level) when used with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol or if you delay or miss a meal.
- Inform your doctor about your diabetes treatment if you are due to have surgery under a general anesthetic.
- Tell your doctor immediately if you experience any deep or rapid breathing or if you have persistent nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain as Gliclazide + Metformin may cause a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis, which is an excess of lactic acid in the blood.
- Your doctor may check your liver function regularly. Inform your doctor if you develop symptoms such as abdominal pain, loss of appetite, or yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice).
Safety Advice
PregnancyCONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Can I take Gliclazide + Metformin if I’m pregnant?
Gliclazide + Metformin is unsafe to use during pregnancy as there is definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. However, the doctor may rarely prescribe it in some life-threatening situations if the benefits are more than the potential risks. Please consult your doctor.
BreastfeedingCONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Can I take Gliclazide + Metformin if I’m breastfeeding?
Gliclazide + Metformin is probably unsafe to use during breastfeeding. Limited human data suggests that the drug may pass into the breastmilk and harm the baby.
AlcoholUNSAFE
Is drinking alcohol while taking Gliclazide + Metformin safe?
It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Gliclazide + Metformin.
DrivingCAUTION
Can I drive after taking Gliclazide + Metformin?
Your ability to drive may be affected if your blood sugar is too low or too high. Do not drive if these symptoms occur.
KidneyCAUTION
Can I take Gliclazide + Metformin if I have/had kidney diseases?
Gliclazide + Metformin should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Gliclazide + Metformin may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Use of Gliclazide + Metformin is, however, not recommended in patients with severe kidney disease. Regular monitoring of kidney function test is advisable while you are taking this medicine.
LiverCAUTION
Can I take Gliclazide + Metformin if I have/had liver diseases?
Gliclazide + Metformin should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Gliclazide + Metformin may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Gliclazide + Metformin is generally started with low dose in patients with mild to moderate liver disease and its use is not recommended in patients with severe liver disease.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. What is Gliclazide + Metformin?
Gliclazide + Metformin is a combination of two medicines: Gliclazide and Metformin. This medicine is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). It improves blood glucose levels in adults when taken along with proper diet and regular exercise. Gliclazide lowers the blood glucose levels by increasing the release of insulin from the pancreas. Metformin works by lowering the glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity. This combination is not indicated for the treatment of Type 1 DM.
Q. What are the possible side effects of Gliclazide + Metformin?
The use of Gliclazide + Metformin is associated with common side effects. These side effects may include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level), altered taste, nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, headache and upper respiratory tract infection. Its use can also lead to serious but rare side effects like lactic acidosis. On long-term use, it can also lead to vitamin B12 deficiency.
Q. Can the use of Gliclazide + Metformin cause hypoglycemia?
Yes, the use of Gliclazide + Metformin can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level). Symptoms of hypoglycemia include nausea, headache, irritability, hunger, sweating, dizziness, fast heart rate and feeling anxious or shaky. It happens more often if you miss or delay your food, drink alcohol, over-exercise or take other antidiabetic medicine along with it. So, regular monitoring of blood sugar level is important. Always keep glucose tablets, honey or fruit juice with you.
Q. Can the use of Gliclazide + Metformin cause lactic acidosis?
Yes, the use of Gliclazide + Metformin can lead to lactic acidosis. It is a medical emergency which is caused by increased levels of lactic acid in the blood. It is also known as MALA (Metformin associated lactic acidosis). It is a rare side effect associated with the use of metformin. It is avoided in patients with underlying kidney disease, old age patients or who take large amounts of alcohol. Symptoms of lactic acidosis may include muscle pain or weakness, dizziness, tiredness, feeling of cold in arms and legs, difficulty in breathing, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain or slow heart rate. If you have these symptoms, stop taking Gliclazide + Metformin and immediately consult your doctor.
Q. Can the use of Gliclazide + Metformin lead to Vitamin B12 deficiency?
Yes, the use of Gliclazide + Metformin can cause vitamin B12 deficiency on long-term use. The deficiency occurs as the medicine interferes with absorption of vitamin B12 in the stomach. If untreated, it may cause anemia and nerve problems and the patient can have tingling sensation and numbness in hands and feet, weakness, urinary problems, change in mental status and difficulty in maintaining balance (ataxia). To avoid such problems, some researchers suggest an intake of vitamin B12 from outside sources at least once every year.
Q. Are there any specific conditions in which Gliclazide + Metformin should not to be taken?
The use of Gliclazide + Metformin should be avoided in patients with known allergy to any of the component or excipients of this medicine. It is also avoided in patients with moderate to severe kidney disease or with underlying metabolic acidosis including diabetic ketoacidosis.
Q. Is it safe to take alcohol while I am also taking Gliclazide + Metformin?
No, it is not safe to take alcohol along with Gliclazide + Metformin. It may lower your low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) and can increase the chances of lactic acidosis.
References
Written By:
Dr Advikka Ridhy
MBBS
RMO, Aster MIMS
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